Events in Travancore History [Chera / Venad / Travancore]

Events in Travancore History [Chera / Venad / Travancore]

events in travancore Maharaja of Travancore from The Land of Charity

A.D.

The first five centuries of the Christian era was the period of the first Chera Empire. This period is also known as the Sangam Age.

Chera Empire

 

A.D. 50 – 100 King Perinchottuthiyan Cheralathan
A.D. 52 – 110 King Imayavarampan Neducheralathan
A.D. 52 St. Thomas the apostle of Christ arrives at Kodungalloor (Cranganore)
A.D. 77 Pliny’s Natural History (mention about Kottar)
A.D. 81 – 100 The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (mention about Kottar)
A.D. 100 – 125 King Palanai Sel Kezhu Kuttuvan
A.D. 110 – 135 Kalanay Kanni Narmuti Cheral
A.D. 125 – 180 King Cheran Senkuttuvan
A.D. 135 – 173 King Alukotpattu Cheralathan
A.D. 150 Ptolemy’s Geography (mention about places in Kanyakumari District)
A.D. 165 – 190 King Selvakatunko Azhi Athan
A.D. 185 – 201 King Ilancheral Irumporai
A.D. 185 – 202 King Perumcheral Irumporai
A.D. 219 – 250 King Yanaikatchey Mantharam Cheral Irumporai

 

The period from the 6th Century to the 9th Century A.D. is known as the dark period. There no sufficient evident for the events of that period.

 

A.D. 800 – 1102 The reign of Kulasehara Kings of the Second Chera Empire with Capital at Mahodayapuram (Cranganoreor / Kodungalur)
A.D. 800 – 820 King Kulasekhara Alwar
A.D. 820 – 844 King Rajasekhara Varma
A.D. 844 – 885 King Sthanu Ravivarma
A.D. 849 The Tharissappalli Inscription which states, the king of Venad, Ayyan Atikal grants some land to a Christian Church near Quilon)
A.D. 885 – 917 King Ramavarma Kulasekhara
A.D. 917 – 944 King Goda Ravivarma
A.D. 944 – 962 King Indu Kothavarma
A.D. 988 – 1005 The Chola King Raja Raja Chola invades the Chera Kingdom (1st Chera – Chola war)
A.D. 962 – 1019 King Bhaskara Ravi Varman 1
A.D. 1014 – 1019 The Chola King Rajendra Chola invades Kerala (2nd Chera – Chola war)
A.D. 1019 – 1021 King Bhaskara Ravi Varma II
A.D. 1022 – 1028 King Veera Kerala
A.D. 1028 – 1043 King Raja Simha
A.D. 1043 – 1082 King Bhaskara Ravi Varma III
A.D. 1034 – 1036 3rd Chera – Chola War
A. D. 1082 – 1090 King Ravi Rama Varma
A.D. 1090 – 1102 King Rama Varma Kulasekhara
A.D. 1075 – 1102 4th Chera – Chola War

 

Venad Kingdom

 

* Fall and Destruction of Mahodyapuram.
* Rama Varma Kulasekahara shifted the capital from Mahodyapuram to Quilon, which was the capital of Venad, a principality under the Cheras.
* Rama Varma Kulasekhara with the help of a suicide squad, defeated the Chola army.
* As the capital was shifted from Mahodyapuram to Quilon, marked the dissolution of Second Chera Empire.
* Venad rose as a powerful Kingdom

 

Venad with Quilon as Capital

 

A.D. 1102 – 1125 King Kothavarma
A.D. 1125 – 1155 King Veera Kerala Varma
Renovation of Sri Padmanabha Swami Temple at Trivandrum
A.D. 1155 – 1165 King Veera Ravi Varma
A.D. 1165 – 1175 King Aditya Varma
A.D. 1175 – 1195 King Udaya Marthanda Varma
A.D. 1195 – 1205 King Veera Rama Varma
A.D. 1205 – 1215 King Veera Rama Kerala Varma
A.D. 1215 – 1240 King Ravi Kerala Varma
A.D. 1240 – 1253 King Padmanabha Marthanda Varma

 

* The history of Venad from A.D. 1253 – 1299 is not clear.
* A powerful King Jayasimha is said to be the ruler of Venad at that time.
* Venad was also called as Desinganad, which derived its name after Jayasimha.

 

A.D. 1299 – 1313 King Ravi Varma Kulasekahara
He was a Great warrior. He defeated the Chola and Pandya Kings and expanded the kingdom almost the whole of South India)
A.D. 1314 – 1344 King Veera Udhaya Marthanda Varma
A.D. 1344 – 1350 King Veera Kerala Varma
A.D. 1350 – 1376 King Eravi Eravi Varma
A.D. 1376 – 1383 King Aditya Varma Sarvanganathan
A.D. 1383 – 1444 King Chera Udhaya Marthanda Varma
A.D. 1444 – 1458 King Ravi Varma
A.D. 1458 – 1469 King Virarama Marthanda Varma Kulasekhara
A.D. 1469 – 1484 King Kotha Atitya Varma
A.D. 1484 – 1512 King Ravi Ravi Varma
A.D. 1516 – 1535 King Bhutala Veera Udhaya Marthanda Varma
A.D. 1541 Arrival of St. Francis Xaviour
A.D. 1535 – 1545 King Veera Kerala Varma
A.D. 1545 – 1556 King Rama Varma
A.D. 1592 Formation of Dutch East India Company
A.D. 1600 Formation of English East India Company
A.D. 1611 – 1663 King Ravi Varma
A.D. 1634 The forces of Thirumala Nayak of Madurai invade Venad. Death of Eravikkutty Pillai, the Chief of army of Venad in the war.
A.D. 1644 The British establish their factory at Vizhinjam at Venad
A.D. 1672 – 1677 King Aditya Varma
A.D. 1677 – 1684 Queen Umayamma Rani

 

* By now, the Venad has shrunk to a small size.
* Kalkulam was the Capital of Venad.
* Mukilan, a Mughal invader was chased away and was killed in the war.
* Umayamma Rani got assistance from Kerala Varma, the Raja of Kottayam, in administration.
* Kerala Varma abolished the social evils such as Pulappedi and Munnarppedi

 

A.D. 1684 – 1718 King Ravi Varma
A.D. 1697 Narasappayya of Madurai invades Travancore

 

Travancore Kingdom

 

* Venad was hereafter known as Thiruvithamcode or Thiruvitamcore
* Travancore is the anglicised for of Thiruvithancore.
* By the 18th Century, the name Travancore became more popular than Venad.

 

A.D. 1718 – 1721 King Aditya Varma
A.D. 1721 – 1729 King Rama Varma
A.D. 1729 – 1758 King Marthanda Varma
A.D. 1735 – 1757 Ramayyan Dalawa – Marthanda Varma’s able minister.
A.D. 1741, August 01 King Marthanda Varma defeats the Dutch at Colachel.
A.D. 1742 King Marthanda Varma captures the Dutch fort at Quilon and the virtual collapse of the Dutch in India
A.D. 1746 King Marthanda Varma annexe Kayamkulam and Ambalapuzha to Travancore
A.D. 1749 – 1750 King Marthanda Varma annexe Thekkumkur and Vadakkumkur to Travancore
A.D. 1750 King Marthanda Varma dedicates his expanded Kingdom of Travancore to Sri Padmanabha, the deity of Sri Padmanabha Swami Temple
A.D. 1757 King Marthanda Varma and Raja of Cochin enter into a treaty against the Zamorin
A.D. 1758 – 1798 King Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma (Dharma Raja)
A.D. 1762 – 1763 The Zamorin withdraws from Alangad, Parur and Trichur before the joint forces of Travancore – Cochin
A.D. 1789 The Dutch sell Kodungallur and Ayakkotta to Travancore King
A.D. 1789 – 1790 War between the Travancore army and Tippu Sultan. Tippu leaves Kerala.
A.D. 1795 Treaty between the British and the Travancore Raja
A.D. 1798 – 1810 King Bala Rama Varma I
A.D. 1801 – 1809 Velu Thampi as the Divan of Travancore
A.D. 1808 – 1809 Velu Thampi’s war with the British, His Kundra Proclamation, His Martyrdom
A.D. 1810 – 1815 Queen Rani Gouri Lakshmi Bai
A.D. 1810 Col. Munro becomes the Resident of Travancore and Cochin
A.D. 1811 Col. Munro also takes charge as the Divan of Travancore
A.D. 1815 – 1829 Queen Rani Gouri Parvathi Bai
A.D. 1829 – 1847 King Swathi Thirunal
A.D. 1834 Establishment of First English school at Trivandrum
A.D. 1836 Establishment of Observatory at Trivandrum
A.D. 1847 – 1860 King Utram Thirunal Marthanda Varma
A.D. 1853 Abolition of Slavery in Travancore and Cochin
A.D. 1853 Establishment of Museum and Zoo at Trivandrum
A.D. 1860 – 1880 King Ayilyam Thirunal
A.D. 1866 Maharaja’s Arts College (Now University College) started at Trivandrum
A.D. 1880 – 1885 King Visakham Thirunal Rama Varma
A.D. 1882 Establishment of the High Court at Travancore
A.D. 1885 – 1924 King Sree Moolam Thirunal
A.D. 1888 Legislative council established in Travancore
A.D. 1924 – 1931 Queen Rani Sethu Lakshmi Bai
A.D. 1931 – 1949 King Sri Chitra Thirunal Balarama Varma
A.D. 1936 Temple entry proclamation in Travancore
A.D. 1947 Travancore joins the India Union
A.D. 1949 Formation of the Union of Travancore – Cochin State
A.D. 1954 Travancore Government introduced “Double Decker” bus service from Trivandrum to Nagercoil and vice versa
A.D. 1956, November 1 Kanyakumari District separated from Travancore and merged with Tamil Nadu State

Known facts about Events in Travancore is given here.
ERRORS & OMISSIONS EXCEPTED…. PLEASE EXCUSE….